Bench Press
Exercises
Master the technique and progress toward impressive weights
Discover the guideThe bench press is the king exercise for the upper body. It's the movement that crystallizes all questions in bodybuilding: "How much do you bench?" This obsession is not without reason: the bench press is an excellent indicator of pushing strength and builds massive pecs, powerful shoulders and developed triceps.
In this complete guide, you'll discover the perfect technique to bench safely, the most effective variations, and how to program your training to progress rapidly and overcome all plateaus.
Perfect bench press technique
1 Starting position
Setup is crucial for safe and effective execution.
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Bench placement
Eyes should be aligned with the bar. Not too far forward (difficult to unrack), nor too far back (path too long).
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Feet on ground
Feet firmly planted on ground, hip-width apart. Feet should push throughout the movement for stability.
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Natural back arch
Squeeze shoulder blades together and down. This creates a slight natural lumbar arch (not exaggerated). Lower back shouldn't lift off the bench.
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Bar grip
Hands slightly wider than shoulders (forearms perpendicular to ground at bottom). Thumbs around bar for safety.
2 Descending phase (eccentric)
Control the descent to maximize muscle tension and avoid injuries.
Bar path
Bar descends diagonally toward lower chest (nipple level or slightly below). Not straight down!
Elbows at 45°
Elbows should neither be tucked to body (0°) nor perpendicular (90°). About 45° is optimal for shoulder health.
Speed
Controlled descent in 2-3 seconds. No bouncing off chest!
Breathing
Breathe deeply at start of descent and hold breath (Valsalva maneuver) to create stability.
3 Ascending phase (concentric)
Push with force and explosiveness to maximize muscle recruitment.
Chest activation
Think "push floor with feet" and "bend the bar" (without moving hands). This better activates the chest.
Return path
Bar goes back up slightly diagonally toward shoulders, finishing above upper chest/clavicles.
Lockout
Lock elbows at top but without hyperextension. Keep tension in chest.
Breathing
Exhale at end of movement or once bar is locked out.
Common technical errors
- Bouncing bar off chest (risk of sternum fracture)
- Lifting butt off bench (loss of stability and injury risk)
- Elbows too flared (excessive shoulder stress)
- Bar descending to neck or belly instead of mid-chest
Bench press variations
Incline Press
Bench inclined at 30-45°. Targets upper chest and front shoulders more. Essential for complete development.
Usage: 3-4 sets of 8-12 reps after regular bench press
Decline Press
Bench declined at -15-30°. Targets lower chest. Generally allows lifting heavier than regular bench.
Usage: Optional, 3 sets of 8-12 reps to specifically target lower pecs
Dumbbell Press
With dumbbells instead of bar. Allows greater range of motion and corrects left/right imbalances.
Usage: Excellent as main or accessory exercise, 3-4 sets of 8-12 reps
Close Grip Press
Narrower grip (shoulder-width or less). Targets triceps and inner chest more.
Usage: Excellent for triceps development, 3 sets of 8-12 reps
Pause Press
Pause 1-3 seconds at bottom position (bar on chest) before pressing. Eliminates stretch reflex and develops explosive strength.
Usage: To break through plateau, 3-5 sets of 3-5 reps at 80-85% 1RM
Smith Machine Press
Guided vertically. Good for training alone safely or isolating chest without worrying about balance.
Usage: Accessory or for heavy sets safely, 3-4 sets of 6-10 reps
Which variation to choose?
The classic barbell bench press remains the foundation. Add variations to target specific areas or break monotony. A balanced program includes: barbell bench + incline dumbbells + one variation of choice.
Program with BenchRepProgramming bench press
1 For hypertrophy (muscle mass)
Goal: build massive, thick pecs.
Example: Monday - Barbell BP 4×8 + Incline DB 3×10 | Thursday - DB BP 3×12 + Decline 3×10
2 For maximum strength
Goal: increase your 1RM and lift as heavy as possible.
Example: Monday - BP 5×3 @ 90% | Wednesday - Pause BP 4×5 @ 80% | Friday - BP 3×5 @ 85%
3 Typical progression cycle (12 weeks)
To progress consistently and avoid plateaus.
Phase 1: Volume (Weeks 1-4)
Focus on total volume to create hypertrophy
4×10 @ 70%, 4×8 @ 75%, 5×8 @ 75%, 4×10 @ 70%
Phase 2: Intensity (Weeks 5-8)
Progressive intensity increase
4×6 @ 80%, 5×5 @ 82.5%, 4×5 @ 85%, 5×5 @ 82.5%
Phase 3: Strength (Weeks 9-11)
Heavy loads to maximize strength
5×3 @ 87.5%, 6×2 @ 90%, 5×3 @ 87.5%
Phase 4: Deload and test (Week 12)
Recovery and new 1RM test
3×5 @ 70% then test 1RM at end of week
BenchRep programs automatically
Let BenchRep manage your progression. The app automatically calculates your working loads based on your 1RM, tracks your weekly volume and suggests when to increase weights.
Optimize with BenchRepBreaking through plateaus
Stuck for several weeks? It's normal! Here are strategies that work to restart progression.
Increase frequency
Go from 1 to 2-3 bench press sessions per week. More stimulus = more progression.
Vary intensity: heavy/medium/light across 3 sessions
Add volume
Progressively increase total weekly sets by 10-20%.
Go from 12 to 15 weekly sets for example
Weak point work
Identify your weak point: triceps? shoulders? sticking point? And target it specifically.
Ex: close grip for triceps, board press for lockout
Strategic deload
Paradoxically, reducing intensity for 1 week (50-60% of loads) allows the body to recover and rebound.
Do a deload every 4-6 weeks
Improve technique
Film yourself. Often, a technical adjustment (better arch, optimal bar path) instantly unlocks 10-20lbs.
Focus on leg drive and shoulder blade position
Optimize nutrition
In caloric deficit, progression is nearly impossible. Ensure you're at least at maintenance calories with 0.8g+ protein per lb bodyweight.
Surplus of 200-300 kcal/day optimal for progression
Frequently asked questions
My shoulder hurts when bench pressing, what to do?
First check your technique: elbows at 45°, shoulder blades squeezed, no bouncing. If pain persists, temporarily switch to dumbbells or incline which are more shoulder-friendly. Consult a physio if it continues.
How many times per week bench press?
Beginners: 1-2 times. Intermediate: 2-3 times. Advanced: 2-4 times depending on program. More frequency generally allows more progression, as long as total volume remains manageable.
Barbell or dumbbell bench: which is best?
Both! Barbell allows lifting heavier and is better for pure strength. Dumbbells offer greater range of motion and correct imbalances. Ideally, include both in your program.
I feel my triceps more than chest, normal?
Not ideal. Check your technique: slightly wider grip, think about "bending the bar", descend low on chest. Add chest isolation exercises (flyes, pec deck) to better learn to activate them.
What's a good bench press level?
For a 176 lbs man: Beginner 132 lbs, Intermediate 176-220 lbs, Advanced 242-287 lbs, Elite 308+ lbs. For a 132 lbs woman: Beginner 55 lbs, Intermediate 77-99 lbs, Advanced 110-132 lbs. But every body is different!
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